Glutathione (600mg)

Introduction

Glutathione (GSH) is one of the body’s most abundant naturally occurring antioxidants and plays a pivotal role in protecting cells from oxidative damage. It serves as a substrate for various enzymatic reactions and maintains the redox potential within cells. In laboratory research, Glutathione is studied for its function in detoxification, cellular metabolism, and the regeneration of other antioxidants such as vitamins C and E. Its presence in nearly all eukaryotic cells highlights its universal significance in maintaining cellular health and function.

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Stability and Bioavailability

Glutathione’s tripeptide structure allows it to participate in redox cycling, acting both as a reducing and conjugating agent. It demonstrates high solubility and strong compatibility in aqueous solutions, making it suitable for in-vitro biochemical studies. Although native Glutathione is rapidly metabolized in vivo, in-vitro studies benefit from its chemical stability and predictable oxidation behavior. This allows researchers to analyze glutathione’s effects on oxidative stress, enzyme activity, and protein regulation with reproducibility and precision.

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Research Applications

Antioxidant Defense and Redox Homeostasis

Glutathione directly neutralizes reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in cellular assays. It also serves as a cofactor for glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase, two key enzymes in antioxidant defense mechanisms.

Detoxification Pathways

As a major conjugating agent, Glutathione binds to electrophilic xenobiotics through glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, facilitating cellular detoxification research. This process is essential for studying how cells handle oxidative metabolites and environmental toxins.

Cellular Signaling and Apoptosis Regulation

GSH is integral to redox-sensitive signaling pathways, influencing transcription factors such as NF-κB and AP-1. It is widely used in cell culture studies investigating apoptosis, mitochondrial function, and gene expression under oxidative conditions.

Immunological and Metabolic Research

Glutathione participates in T-cell activation and cytokine regulation, providing a foundation for immunology and metabolic disease research. It also supports studies exploring glutathione depletion in conditions of cellular stress, infection, and inflammation.

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Summary

Glutathione is a cornerstone molecule in antioxidant and redox biology research. Its versatility across cellular protection, detoxification, and signaling studies makes it a vital peptide for understanding oxidative stress and metabolic regulation at the molecular level.

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References

1. Lu SC, Regulation of glutathione synthesis, Molecular Aspects of Medicine (2009). PubMed

2. Pompella A et al., The changing faces of glutathione, a cellular protagonist, Biochemical Pharmacology (2003). PubMed

3. Franco R et al., Glutathione efflux and cell death, Antioxidants & Redox Signaling (2012). PubMed

4. Townsend DM et al., The importance of glutathione in human disease, Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy (2003). PubMed

5. Jones DP, Redox potential of GSH/GSSG couple: assay and biological significance, Methods in enzymology (2002). Pubmed

 

ALL ARTICLES AND PRODUCT INFORMATION PROVIDED ON THIS WEBSITE ARE FOR INFORMATIONAL AND EDUCATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY.
The products offered on this website are furnished for in-vitro studies only. In-vitro studies (Latin: in glass) are performed outside of the body. These products are not medicines or drugs and have not been approved by the FDA to prevent, treat, or cure any medical condition, ailment, or disease. Bodily introduction of any kind into humans or animals is strictly forbidden by law.